By-products

A by-product or co-product is a secondary product derived from a manufacturing process or chemical reaction. It is not the primary product or service being produced.
In the context of production, a by-product can be defined as the ‘output from a joint production process that is minor in quantity and/or net realizable value (NVR) when compared to the main products.
A co-products is similar in quantity and/or revenues to the main product.

There are a wide variety of by- and co-products. USFGIS offers inspection services for products from vegetable as well as animal origin.

Common animal sources:

blood meal – from slaughterhouse operations
poultry by-product meal – clean parts of the carcass of slaughtered poultry, such as necks, feet, undeveloped eggs, and intestines
feathers – from poultry processing feather meal – from poultry processing
meat and bone meal – from the rendering of animal bones and offal
whey from cheese manufacturing, and other dairy products.

Common vegetable sources:

acidulated soap stock – from the refining of vegetable oil
bagasse – the fibrous residue remaining after sugarcane or sorghum stalks are crushed to extract their juice
black liquor from the production of cellulose pulp using the kraft process
bran and germ – from the milling of whole grains into refined grains
brewer’s yeast – from ethanol fermentation
cereal food fines – from breakfast cereal processing
corn gluten, from corn milling
corn steep liquor – from corn wet-milling
distillers grains – from ethanol fermentation
glycerol – from the production of biodiesel
grape seed oil – recovered from leftovers of the winemaking process
molasses – from sugar refining
orange oil and other citrus oils – recovered from the peels of processed fruit
pectin – recovered from the remains of processed fruit
sawdust and bark – from the processing of logs into lumber
soybean meal – from soybean processing
stover – residual plant matter after harvesting of cereals
straw – from grain harvesting
tall oil from the production of cellulose pulp using the Kraft process
vinasse – from the fermentation of sugar to ethanol fuel